Eretmobrycon was erected by Fink in 1971 to contain the then new species Eretmobrycon bayano from Caribbean slopes of northwestern Panama. The genus was synonymized with Bryconamericus by Roman-Valencia in 2000 and then resurrected by Thomaz et al. as part of their 2015 molecular phylogeny of the Stevardiinae. Thomaz et al. (2015) erected the new tribe Eretmobryconini to contain both the trans-Andean genus Eretmobrycon and the cis-Andean genus Markiana, and found this tribe to be sister to all other Stevardiinae. Although no Eretmobrycon species have been described from Peru, the species name 'brevirostris' is applied to several rivers draining the Pacific slope of the Andes in both Ecuador and Peru. Narrowing down exactly what 'brevirostris' is is complicated by Gunther's (1860) description of the species' type locality as the 'Western Andes of Ecuador'. - Nathan Lujan
